Concrete-arch construction.



No. 740,039. PATENTED SEPT. 29, 1903.

- W. 0. PARMLEY.

CONCRETE ARCH CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. l2 1902.

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NO MODEL.

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No. 740,039. PATENTED SEPT. 29. 1903.

' W. C. PARMLEY.

CONCRETE ARCH CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.12. 1902.

N0 MODEL.

INVENTOR.

BY d a? 67:

A TTORNE Y.

No. 740,039. PATENTED SEPT.'29,1903.

. W. 0. PARMLEY.

CONCRETE ARCH CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.12. 1902. NO MODEL. {SHEETS-SHEET a.

WITNESSES" v JNVENTOR. jpz /m BY PATENTED slam-29, 1903.

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Patented September 29, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER C. PARMLEY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

CONCRETE-ARCH CONSTRUCTION.

SPEGIFICATION'forming part of Letters Patent No.740,039, dated September 29, 1903.

Application filed November 12, 1902; Serial No. 131,074. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern:

B e it known that I, WALTER O. PARMLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Concrete-Arch Construction, of which the following is a specification.

This invention-relates to the same general character of steel and concrete constructions that form the subject-matter of my Patents No. 696,838, of April 1, 19.02, No. 709,794, of September 23, 1 902, and No. 712,841, of November 4, 1902, although it is not limited in its application to such structures. Generally stated, the invention may be said to be a clamp for holding bars together under tension; and it consists of a bent member that partially encircles the bars or rods that it is intended to connect, said member being usually held in place by a bolt 0r rivet that passes there- .through, said member being so positioned with reference to the said bars or rods that the tensile strain on the latter is opposed by the shearing strength of the member.

In the accompanying drawings, in which corresponding parts are designated by similar reference characters throughout the several views, Figures 1, 2, and 3 illustrate structures to which my clamps are applied, Fig. 1 showing a section of' a concrete and steel archin which a short transverse bar is joined at each of its ends to a larger bar that extends in the same general direction, said bars also being clamped to a; longitudinal bar; Fig. 2 showing rectangular bars for use in a similar structure, the transverse bars being laid one on top of the other; and Fig. 3 showing a similararrangerneut, but having the upper bar continuing through the clamp.-

Figs. 4, 5, and 6 show a form of clamp for joining the ends of rectangular bars and for clamp for roundbars.

clamping thereto a rectangular longitudinal bar. Figs. 7, 8, and.9 show a similar form of Figs.'10,'11, and 12 show a clamp for joining three or more bars at their ends and for holding them to a longitudinal bar. Figs. 13,14, and 15 show a form of clamp and joint similar to that shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, except that the ends of the transverse bars are compressed, so that they can neither be pulled nor thrust through the clamp. Figs. 16, 17, 18, and 19 show a modified structure-for clamping bars together at their ends. Figs. 20 and 21 show difierent forms of connecting-plates for use in the structure shown in Fig. 16. Fig. 22 is a view similar to Fig. 19, except that the joint is surrounded by a tube and the latter is filled with cement. "Figs. 23, 24, and 25 show a form of clamp-joint similar to that shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, except that the bars are placed back to back and the ends are turned in opposite directions.

As indicated above, while the invention is of more or less general application in many forms of structural work, it is designed with especial reference to the steel or iron frame- 7 work that is embedded in concrete or masonry structures. I am aware that different means have been proposed and used for joining those bars in these structures that extend in the same general direction; but all these forms of joints are objectionable, either because of their liability to slip or yield to the initial strain on the bars before the concrete nected at their adjacent ends by means of a clamp. This clamp consists of a U-shaped member 0 and a bolt or rivet D, that passes through the outer ends of the legs of the said member. angle to the bars A and B, said bars being held in place by the bolt D, that preferably hooks about the same, as shown most clearly in Fig. 5. The bars A and B are each bent over near their ends or are provided with other forms of engaging projections, the bent portions in this case extending in the same direction.

In applying the clamp the barsA and B are brought together, as shown, and the member 0 is slipped into position with one of its legs between the bent portions of the bars. The third bar E is then brought into position and E is a third bar that extends at an the bolt D inserted through holes in the outer ends of the legs, the hooked portion of the bolt extending around the bar E. A nut F is then applied to the bolt and is tightly secured into position, which securely clamps all the parts together. By this simple structure so easily applied all the bars are held in place, and the tension on the transverse bars is resisted by the shearing strength of that leg of the memberC that is placed between the bent ends of the bars. It will of course be understood that a rivet could be employed instead of the bolt, if so desired, the head being formed after the parts are in position.

The joint shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9 is like that just described with the exception that it is formed of round rods, and the parts 0 and D are bent to conform to such rods. It is thought, therefore, that no further description of this joint will be necessary.

In the form of joint shown in Figs. 10, 11, and 12 two plates 0' and O are substituted for the bentmember 0, heretofore described, said plates being held together at their ends opposite the bolt D by a bolt or rivet D. There are also two bars A and A that are joined to the single bar B and the longitudinal bar E. From these figures it will be evident that the clamp herein shown and described in several of its forms is adapted to join any number of bars that extend in the same general direction. It will also be obvious that the bolt D could be omitted and a bent member 0 substituted therefor, if preferred.

In the forms of joints thus far described the bars A, A, A and B are held against any pull tending to tear them apart; but a compressional st rain would tend to cause them to thrust through the clamp. In the forms shown in Figs. 13, 14, and 15, however, both kinds of strains are provided against by simply mashing the bars A and B, so that the member 0 will engage with shoulders G and H at the opposite edges thereof. It will also be seen that in this form of joint both legs of the member 0 are brought into shear.

The form of device shown in Figs. 23, 24, and 25 differs from that shown in Figs.4, 5, and 6 in that the ends of the bars A and B are turned in opposite directions and the bars are placed together back to back. The tension on the bars tends to thrust the member 0 out of shape, and for this reason the latter is made as short as practicable. A simple bolt D is shown, although it is obvious that a bolt D, holding a bar extending at an angle to bars A and B, could be used, if desired.

Figs. 16 to 19 show a modified form of joint, in which the bent ends of the bars A and B are inserted into holes J in a plate K and the bars and plate held in position by bands L, which surround them near each end of the plate and which prevent the bars from coming out of the holes. The bands may be held in place by simply canting them, as shown at the top of Figs. 16 and 17, or by driving a wedge M between the band and one of the bars, as shown at the bottom of said figures. This form of joint, like that shown in Figs. 13 to 15, provides against both a pull and athrust upon the bars A and B.

Figs. 20 and 21 show different forms of plates K and K for use in the joint just described instead of a plate K. K is a simple rectangular plate, against the ends of which the bentends of the bars A and B are intended to bear. K has the ends notched at J to receive the ends of the bars. Both of these plates will hold the bars against tensional strains, but not against compressional strains, as will the plate K.

Fig. 22 shows a modified form of the joint illustrated in Figs. 16 to 19, in which a section of tube or pipe 0 is substituted for the bands L. This tube or pipe preferably extends throughout the length of the joint, being of such a diameter as to fit more or less closely over the bars, and after it is placed in position it is filled with cement, so that it is impossible for the joint to come apart. This cement is indicated at I.

In all the forms of joints thus described the tensional strains on the bars are resisted by the shearing strength of another member, and the construction is such that the bars are not punched and weakened. Furthermore, the members that surround the ends of the bars serve to more securely anchor the steel in the concrete. This will be clearly seen from Fig. 1, which shows in the lower portion a joint like that illustrated in Figs. 10 to 12 and in the upper part a structure like that shown in Fig. 2, in which the end of one bar is joined to a continuous length of another, the two bars being joined to a longitudinal bar E. When such joints are embedded in concrete, the bars cannot yield without drawing the joint through the concrete, which obviously is impossible.

Fig. 3 shows astructure similar to that illustrated in Fig. 2, except that both bars are continuous.

By the term concrete is meant any kind ofcomposite material held together by cement or cement used alone. By bar or rod is meant any form of bars, rods, built-up shapes, or composite bars composed of more than one piece.

Having'thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is v 1. In a concrete-arch construction, a pair of bars extending transversely to the axis of the arch, a U-shaped member passing over said bars, a longitudinal bar, and a hooked bolt or rivet engaging said latter bar and passing through the ends of the U-shaped member, whereby the bars may be securely clamped together. I

2. In a concrete-arch construction, a bar extending transversely to the axis of the arch, a bar extending longitudinally of the arch, a clamp surrounding the bars at their juncture,

and a bolt, rivet or the like for securely binding the clamp and bars together. I

3. In a concrete-arch structnre,bars extending transversely to the axis of the arch,s aid bars being in sections, projections on the ends of said sections, a U-shaped member passing over said sections between the projections thereon, a bar extending longitudinally of the arch, and a bolt orrivet thathooks over the latter bar and that passes through the said U-shaped member to clamp the bars and the sections together.

4. In a concrete-arch structure,bars extend: ing transversely to the axis of the arch, said bars being in sections, projections on the ends of said' sections, a U-shaped member passing over the sections between the projections thereon, and a bolt or rivet for clamping the said member to the sections.

5. As a means for joining bars that extend in diiferent directions, a U-shaped member that passes over the bars extending in one direction, and a hooked bolt or rivet that e11 gages the bar extending in the other direction, said bolt orrivet passing through the outer ends of the L l-shaped member to close the same and to clamp all'the bars together.

6. In a device of the character described,- bars that are bent over at their adjacent ends to form engaging projections, said ends being turned in the same direction, and aU-shaped member passing over said bars between the said engaging projections, said projections bearing against the opposite edges of the same leg of the member, and a bolt or rivet for closing the open end of the said member and for clamping it to, the bars.

' 7. In a device of the character described, bars that are bent over atitheir adjacent ends to form engaging projections,'and means sur rounding said bars for holding them together, said means passing between the projecting ends so that the tensional strains on the bars are opposed by'th'e shearing strength of the said means.

8. In a device of the character described, bars that are bent over at their adjacent ends to form engaging projections, and a member between the said projecting ends that is so placed that the tensional strains on the bars are resisted by the s'hearing'or compressional strength of the said member.

9. In a device of the character described, bars having engaging projections, a Ushaped member passing over said bars between the said engaging projections, another bar extending at an angle to the first-mentioned bar, and a bolt or rivet having an end that hcoksover the last-mentioned bar, said bolt 01' rivet passing through the open'end of the U-shaped member for closing the same and for clamping all the bars together.

10. In a device of the character described, bars having engaging projections, a U -shaped member passing over'said bars between the said engaging projections, another bar extending at an angle to the first-mentioned bars, and a bolt or rivet engaging the lastmentioned bar and passing through the said member, whereby all the bars are held together.

11. In a device of the character described, bars extending in the same general direction, a member passing over said bars, another bar extending at an angle to the first-mentioned bars, and a bolt or rivet engaging the lastmentioned bar and passing through thesaid member, whereby all the bars are held together.

12. In a device of the character described, a plurality of bars extending in the same general direction, another bar extending at an angle thereto, and a single clamp for holding the bars together.

13. In a device of the character described, bars having engaging portions, a U-shaped member passing over said bars between the said engaging portions, and a bolt or rivet for closing the open end of the said member andfor clamping it to the bar.

14. In a device of the character described, bars having engaging portions, and means surrounding said bars for binding them together, said means passing between the said engaging portions so that its shearing strength will oppose the tensional strains on the bar.

15. In a device of the character described, bars having engaging portions, and means for holding the bars together, said means passing between the engaging portions, so that the tensional strains on the bars are resisted'by the shearing or compressional strength of the said means.

16. In a device of the character described, bars that are adapted to be subjected totensional strains, said bars having engaging projections, and a member between the said projections that is so placed that the tensional strains on the bars are resisted by the shearingstrength of the said member.

In testimony whereof Iaflix my signature .in the presence of two witnesses. 

